Forget the Eagle – Scotland’s National Animal is a Unicorn!
When one considers the national symbols of countries, images of majestic lions, fierce eagles or powerful bears typically spring to mind. These creatures embody strength, prowess and dominance, and they're common choices for nations seeking to project an image of formidable might. Scotland, however, went in a different direction.
Forgetting the widespread symbolism of the eagle, Scotland claims the unicorn as its official national animal, a creature of legend that perfectly encapsulates the essence of this nation.
Scotland Adopts the Unicorn as Its National Animal
Scotland's association with unicorns began in the 12th century, when it was used by William I on the Scottish Coat of Arms. However, it's adoption as the country's national animal didn't occur until the 15th century. King James III issued a decree, and it wasn't long until the bright creatures were appear on Scottish coins.
This wasn't a whimsical decision, but a deeply symbolic one, rooted in the creature's mythological associations and its resonance with the burgeoning Scottish identity. In an era where royal houses sought to legitimize their power and embody national aspirations through heraldry, the choice of the unicorn was both bold and visionary, setting Scotland apart from its continental neighbors and its powerful southern counterpart.
What Does the Unicorn Signify?
The symbolism that's been attributed to the unicorn is multifaceted, offering insight into the Scottish character. It's a creature linked to purity and innocence. Usually depicted as a magnificent white horse with a single, spiraling horn on its forehead, it's believed to possess an untainted spirit, a beacon of divine grace in a world often perceived as corrupt.
This speaks to a deeply held sense of moral uprightness and an appreciation for nature's unspoiled beauty, qualities associated with Scotland's pristine lochs and dramatic highlands.
Beyond mere innocence, the unicorn also embodies immense power and independence. It's a creature of majesty, its presence commanding awe and respect, reflecting the inherent dignity and proud bearing of the Scottish people.
Perhaps most compellingly, the unicorn symbolizes an unconquerable spirit. Mythology frequently described it as an untameable beast, resisting all attempts at capture or subjugation. The only being capable of approaching and taming it was said to be a virgin, a detail that further underscores its connection to purity and an unyielding, pristine power.
Emboying Traits of the Scottish
This untameable nature serves as a powerful metaphor for Scotland itself, a nation that's historically fought fiercely for its independence, its unique culture and its right to self-determination. The Scottish people, much like their national animal, have frequently demonstrated a defiant and independent nature, refusing to be easily subdued or assimilated, maintaining their distinct identity against numerous challenges throughout history.
The unicorn, therefore, isn't merely a pretty figure. It's a declaration of national resilience and an unwavering spirit.
The unicorn's esteemed position is most evident in Scottish royal heraldry. For centuries, two majestic unicorns have supported the Royal Coat of Arms, guardians of the nation's regal lineage and sovereignty.
These creatures, depicted rearing with a defiant grace, are a visual representation of Scottish kingship and national pride. When the crowns of Scotland and England were united, the Scottish Royal Arms were incorporated into the British Royal Arms. In this combined emblem, a single unicorn stands proudly alongside the lion of England, supporting the unified shield, the arrangement ensuring Scotland's symbol maintains its prominent place, even within a larger union.
Why Are the Unicorns Depicted in Chains?
A striking detail in these heraldic depictions is the presence of chains. The unicorns in royal heraldry are frequently shown chained, which has sparked various interpretations.
Some suggest this symbolizes the formidable power of the Scottish kings, strong enough to even tame such a wild and mythical creature, thereby demonstrating their absolute authority. Another perspective posits the chains are a subtle nod to the idea that Scotland, represented by the unicorn, is now "tamed" or contained within a larger political structure.
Yet another, perhaps more benevolent, interpretation suggests the chains aren't meant to imply subjugation, but, rather, to show that the unicorn's inherent ferocity and untamed power are contained, allowing it to serve as a loyal protector without losing its essential wildness.
Regardless of the precise interpretation, the chained unicorn remains a thought-provoking image, adding layers of meaning to Scotland's national emblem.